Charles XIII of Sweden
Charles XIII of Sweden, born as Charles II of Sweden and also known as Carl XIII in Swedish, was born on October 7, 1748. He was the second surviving son of King Adolf Frederick of Sweden and his wife, Louisa Ulrika of Prussia. Charles spent most of his life as a military commander and politician. After the death of his brother, Gustav III, in 1792, Charles became the regent of Sweden. He was eventually crowned as king in 1809, after the Swedish parliament declared Gustav IV Adolf deposed. During his reign, Charles XIII faced significant challenges, including financial instability and tensions with neighboring countries. However, he also oversaw significant reforms, including a new constitution and the creation of an independent judiciary. Charles XIII never married or had any children, and he died on February 5, 1818, at the age of 69. His nephew, Charles XIV John of Sweden, succeeded him as king.
