James II of England
James II of England was born on October 14, 1633, in London, England. He was the second surviving son of King Charles I and his wife, Henrietta Maria of France. He became King of England, Scotland, and Ireland on February 6, 1685, after the death of his brother, Charles II. James II's reign was marked by his Catholic faith, which was a contentious issue in the largely Protestant country. He also angered many of his subjects by suspending laws and appointing Catholic officials to high positions. In 1688, James II's daughter Mary and her husband, William of Orange, led a successful invasion of England. James II fled to France, and his reign ended. This event is known as the Glorious Revolution. James lived the rest of his life in exile in France, where he died on September 16, 1701, in Paris. Despite his controversial reign and actions, he remained a devout Catholic until his death.
